The stock market is made out to be so complex. You have to wonder if the powers that be, most who invest in stock market, intended for this complexity. The confusion is compounded with all of these indexes, ratios, and other, so called, intelligent formulas. In spite of all of this, stock market beginners still want to learn how the stock market works. So in this piece, I will attempt to explain the how the stock market works without all of the extras.
The beginning of the process starts with a person who creates a new company that needs financing for operations. The new company can be financed using a couple of methods. These methods could include financing through a bank loan, loan from family member, personal life savings, or the issuance of stock. The issuance of stock could be also called equity financing. The reason why it is called equity financing is because the creator of the company is giving up ownership to investors.
The process of issuing the stock is called the initial public offering or IPO. Basically, a company who is looking for equity financing will go through an investment bank to sell its stock to investors. The investors who are involved in the initial public offering are considered the first investors in the company. At this point the first investors can decide whether they want to hold on to the stock or sell their investment.
So who are the first stock investors going to sell their investments to? Stock sellers sell their investments to stock buyers. Anything that can be bought and sold has a market. Stock sellers and stock buyers make up the stock market. Also most things that can be bought and sold have a trading post or location where transactions between buyers and sellers can take place. In the case of the stock market this place happens to be a stock exchange.
So now you are wondering how the stock market price is set. The stock market price is determined between the stock sellers and buyers. The sellers will determine the price that they want sell their investment. On the other hand buyers will determine the price they want to pay for an investment. The stock price also depends on how much the seller wants to sell and how much the buyer wants to buy. Eventually, the stock sellers and buyers will come to an agreement on the price. This agreed upon price is the stock market price.
The stock market is essentially a meeting place where buyers and sellers of stock come together. Stock market investor is basically trying to sell their ownership in a company to an investor trying to buy ownership. A stock market investor selling stock is similar to a business owner selling their business or equity. The only difference is the scale.
